CSS 2018 Journalism & Mass Communication Paper

Traditionally, communication theory as a distinct area of media studies has transited through minimum four eras of its development. Explain these eras and their specific characteristics by categorizing the communication theories associated with them.

Elizabeth Noelle-Neumann propounded the Spiral of Silence Theory in 1974 while examining public opinion as a form of social control. Discuss it in detail by drawing the model of the theory.

In international and global communication context, communication and culture are strongly associated with each other. Discuss the nexus in the light of Marxist and Gramscian approaches.

Relations between governments and mass media have more often been adversarial in Pakistan. Discuss it in historical perspective as to why they have been the way they have been.

How would you differentiate between Development Communication and Development Support Communication? Would you support the use of DSC tools and techniques in an increasingly cosmopolitan society?

Does the prioritisation of national security over freedom of expression in developing nations lead to effective governance of media or does it undermine democratic rights? Discuss in context of Pakistan media laws.

Write notes on any TWO of the following: (a) Media determinism (b) Cultural industries (c) PEMRA Code of Ethics (d) Press Information Department (PID).